Archive for January, 2022

Late Development

The main type of fine art, art was sculpture, get rich ideological and artistic content and the development of plastic form. Zastylost and closure of Romanesque statues were replaced by the mobility of the figures, their treatment to each other and to the viewer. Over time, an interest in real natural forms of physical beauty and human feelings. New treatment got the theme of motherhood, mental suffering, martyrdom and sacrifice of human resistance. In Gothic France organically intertwined lyricism and tragic affects, sublime spirituality and social satire, fantastic grotesque and folklore, acute observation of life. During this period flourished in book miniatures, and there was an altar painting, has reached a high lift, decorative, art, associated with high levels of Development of shop crafts. In the late Gothic architecture in France, a proliferation of sculptural altars in the interiors, which combine wood painted and gilded sculptures and tempera paintings on wooden boards. There was a new emotional structure of images, featuring a dramatic (and often ecstatic) expression, especially in the scenes of the sufferings of Christ and the saints.

Among the best examples of French Gothic art belong small sculpture made of ivory, silver reliquaries, Limoges enamels, tapestries, and carved furniture. For the late ('flaming') is typical of Gothic whimsy, reminiscent of the flames pattern of window openings (C. Saint-Muckle in Rouen). There were paintings on secular themes (in papal palace in Avignon, 14-15 cc.). In miniature (Ch. arr. Book of Hours), there has been striving for spiritual humanity images to the transfer of space and volume.